![]() Novel emerging chronic migraine treatments such as neuromodulation offer promising therapeutic approaches that warrant further investigation. Unfortunately, treatments are still predominantly ineffective in aborting migraine attacks and decreasing intensity and frequency, and poor adherence and compliance with preventative medications remains a significant challenge. Current treatment options for chronic migraine include risk factor modification, acute and prophylactic therapies, evidence-based treatments such as onabotulinumtoxinA, topiramate and newly approved calcitonin gene-related peptide or receptor targeted monoclonal antibodies. ![]() Mounting evidence on aberrant alterations suggest that pronounced functional and structural brain changes, central sensitization and neuroinflammation may underlie chronic migraine mechanisms. While existing migraine studies primarily focus on episodic migraine, less is known about chronic migraine pathophysiology. Furthermore, chronic migraine is characterized with higher disability and incidence of comorbidities in comparison to episodic migraine. Despite this evolution, chronic migraine likely develops into its own distinct clinical entity, with unique features and pathophysiology separating it from episodic migraine. Chronic migraine typically evolves from episodic migraine as a result of increasing attack frequency and/or several other risk factors that have been implicated with migraine chronification. Chronic migraine is defined as headaches occurring on at least 15 days per month with at least eight of these fulfilling the criteria for migraine. ![]() Department of Anatomy and Histology, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, AustraliaĬhronic migraine is a disabling neurological disorder that imposes a considerable burden on individual and socioeconomic outcomes. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |